The primary active compounds of calendula include include flavonoids such as flavonols (isorhamnetin, quercetin) and flavonol
glycosides including isoquercitrin, narcissin, neoliesperoside and rutin; volatile oil with sesquiterpenes, and also containing menthone, isomenthone, caryophyllene, pedunculatine, and a large number ofn acylated pentacyclic hydroxytriterpenes; sterols; coumarins such as scopoletin, umbelliferon and aesculetin, carotenoids.
Calendula contains chemicals which speed up wound-healing by several actions that include increasing blood flow to the affected area and promoting the production of collagen proteins. The flowers have antispasmodic, antimicrobial, and antiviral properties. Calendula petals have anti-inflammatory, astringent, and antiseptic (antibacterial and antiviral) properties, and may even offer immune-stimulating actions. Astringent actions promote healing. Calendula can reduce the swelling and itching associated with insect bites and may even help to prevent infection due to its antimicrobial actions. The dried petals of the calendula plant are used in tinctures, ointments, and washes to speed the healing of burns, bruises, and cuts. Local application, in the form of a plant poultice or an infusion soaked in a cloth and applied to a wound, is an effective healing remedy.
Calendula was used to treat various skin diseases, ranging from skin ulcerations to eczema. Calendula has been administered internally for a variety of ailments, including ulcers, stomach cramps, colitis, herpes viruses, yeast infections, and diarrhea. Calendula acts on the liver and gallbladder to improve the quality of bile, a digestive secretion from the liver that helps to break down dietary fats into smaller fragments for digestion. Calendula is used in herbal medicine as a menstrual cycle normaliser. Painful menstruation may also be relieved by Calendula.
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